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Abdominal vasculature
Discuss the abdominal aorta?
The abdominal aorta begins at the aortic opening in the diaphragm (at about T12) and descends anterior to the vertebral bodies and ends at L4 by dividing into the right and left common iliac arteries.
Each common iliac artery divides into the external and internal iliac arteries. The external iliac artery passes posterior to the inguinal ligament to become the femoral artery. The external iliac artery gives off the inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac arteries. The internal iliac artery supplies most of the pelvis via parietal and visceral branches.
The parietal branches of the internal iliac artery include the iliolumbar, lateral sacral, obturator, superior and inferior gluteal, and internal pudendal arteries. The branches of the internal pudendal artery include the inferior rectal artery and vessels that supply the scrotum (or labia), perineum, bulb of the penis (or vestibule), and urethra.
The visceral branches of the internal iliac artery includes the umbilical and superior and inferior vesical arteries, the uterine artery (or the artery of the ductus deferens), and the vaginal and middle rectal arteries.
Discuss the branches of abdominal aorta?
Parietal branches
Visceral branches
Paired middle suprarenal, renal gives rise to inferior suprarenal arteries), and gonadal (ovarian/testicular) arteries.
Coeliac trunk
It is the artery to the caudal part of the foregut, i.e., as far as D2. It divides into
Superior mesenteric artery
It supplies the midgut, i.e., from D2 to the proximal 2/3rd of the transverse colon. It arises from the front of the aorta inferior to the origin of the coeliac trunk. Its branches include:
Inferior mesenteric artery
It supplies the hindgut, i.e., from the distal third of the transverse colon to the rectum. It arises from the aorta a little superior to its bifurcation. Its branches are
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